import io
from pathlib import Path

import numpy as np
import torch
from PIL import ExifTags, Image, ImageCms, ImageOps
from PIL.Image import Image as PilImage


def open_image_as_srgb(image_path: str | Path | io.BytesIO) -> PilImage:
    """
    Opens an image file, applies rotation (if it's set in metadata) and converts it
    to the sRGB color space respecting the original image color space .
    Args:
        image_path: Path to the image file
    Returns:
        PIL Image in sRGB color space
    """
    exif_colorspace_srgb = 1

    with Image.open(image_path) as img_raw:
        img = ImageOps.exif_transpose(img_raw)

    input_icc_profile = img.info.get("icc_profile")

    # Try to convert to sRGB if the image has ICC profile metadata
    srgb_profile = ImageCms.createProfile(colorSpace="sRGB")
    if input_icc_profile is not None:
        input_profile = ImageCms.ImageCmsProfile(io.BytesIO(input_icc_profile))
        srgb_img = ImageCms.profileToProfile(img, input_profile, srgb_profile, outputMode="RGB")
    else:
        # Try fall back to checking EXIF
        exif_data = img.getexif()
        if exif_data is not None:
            # Assume sRGB if no ICC profile and EXIF has no ColorSpace tag
            color_space_value = exif_data.get(ExifTags.Base.ColorSpace.value)
            if color_space_value is not None and color_space_value != exif_colorspace_srgb:
                raise ValueError(
                    "Image has colorspace tag in EXIF but it isn't set to sRGB,"
                    " conversion is not supported."
                    f" EXIF ColorSpace tag value is {color_space_value}",
                )

        srgb_img = img.convert("RGB")

        # Set sRGB profile in metadata since now the image is assumed to be in sRGB.
        srgb_profile_data = ImageCms.ImageCmsProfile(srgb_profile).tobytes()
        srgb_img.info["icc_profile"] = srgb_profile_data

    return srgb_img


def save_image(image_tensor: torch.Tensor, output_path: Path | str) -> None:
    """Save an image tensor to a file.
    Args:
        image_tensor: Image tensor of shape [C, H, W] or [C, 1, H, W] in range [0, 1] or [0, 255].
            C must be 3 (RGB).
        output_path: Path to save the image (any PIL-supported format, e.g., .png or .jpg)
    """
    output_path = Path(output_path)
    output_path.parent.mkdir(parents=True, exist_ok=True)

    # Handle [C, 1, H, W] format (single frame from video tensor)
    if image_tensor.ndim == 4:
        # Squeeze frame dimension: [C, 1, H, W] -> [C, H, W]
        if image_tensor.shape[1] == 1:
            image_tensor = image_tensor.squeeze(1)
        else:
            raise ValueError(f"Expected single-frame tensor with shape [C, 1, H, W], got shape {image_tensor.shape}")

    if image_tensor.ndim != 3:
        raise ValueError(f"Expected 3D tensor [C, H, W], got {image_tensor.ndim}D tensor")

    if image_tensor.shape[0] != 3:
        raise ValueError(f"Expected 3 channels (RGB), got {image_tensor.shape[0]} channels")

    # Normalize to [0, 255] uint8
    if torch.is_floating_point(image_tensor) and image_tensor.max() <= 1.0:
        image_tensor = image_tensor * 255

    # Clamp to valid uint8 range to prevent overflow
    image_tensor = image_tensor.clamp(0, 255)

    # [C, H, W] -> [H, W, C]
    image_np: np.ndarray = image_tensor.permute(1, 2, 0).to(torch.uint8).cpu().numpy()

    # Save using PIL
    Image.fromarray(image_np).save(output_path)